Department of Cytology

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[[File:skibo.jpg|200px|thumb|G.G. Skibo|left]] Cytology Department was founded in 1996 on the basis of laboratory of neurocytology. Honoured master of sciences and engineering of Ukraine, laureate of State Prize of Ukraine in sciences and engineering, Prof. Galyna Skibo is the unchallenged leader of the Department.
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[[File:skibo.jpg|200px|thumb|Prof. Galyna Skibo|left]] Department of Cytology has been established in 1996 based on the Laboratory of Neurocytology. Its organizer and the only chair until nowadays is [G.G.Skibo|Prof. Galyna Skibo], the corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine, laureate of State Prize of Ukraine in sciences and engineering, Bogomoletz and Kostiuk Prizes of NAS of Ukraine.
  
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== Science ==
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== Our research  ==
  
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The research activity of Department of Cytology is focused on the study of molecular and cellular mechanisms of nervous tissue damages related to the development of neurodegenerative diseases (cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease) or some pathological states (perinatal pathology of the central nervous system, stress, exocrine pancreatic failure) and the investigation of approaches for prevention and correction of neurodegeneration processes.
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The research activity of the Department of Cytology is focused on the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in different parts of the nervous system and the search for neuroprotective approaches. The current research topics of the Department are:
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The important part of the research activity is testing of pharmacological preparations to identify their potential neuroprotective properties. Recently experiments have been started aimed at studying of possible applications of cell therapy for the treatment of brain tissue lesions caused by cerebral ischemia.
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* genetically determined molecular mechanisms of intercellular and intracellular signaling in norm and pathology in vitro (brain ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease)
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In two brain ischemia models (in vitro and in vivo) it was revealed that transient ischemia induced destructive changes in neurons and remodeling of synaptic apparatus in CA1 area of hippocampus – the brain structure responsible for the formation of memory and learning.
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* molecular and cellular mechanisms of endogenous neuroprotection in the models of neurodegenerative diseases in vivo and in vitro (brain ischemia)
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* regenerative properties of different origin stem cells and peculiarities of their application at experimentally induced neurodegenerative pathologies in vivo (brain ischemia, perinatal CNS pathology, neuroinflammation)
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* development of biosafety criteria for stem cell cultivation
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* cell mechanisms driving brain tissue degeneration in the rotenone model of Parkinson's disease
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* dependence of structural and functional features of the brain on the function of the gastrointestinal tract (metabolic syndrome, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) in vivo and in vitro
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* effect of substances with antioxidant properties on the nervous tissue recovery of experimental animals during the brain ischemia-reperfusion
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[[File:Synapsys.jpg|300px|thumb|Synapses in СА1 stratum radiatum in vivo. Red arrow-simple, yellow-multiple, green-perforated]] The temporal dynamics of ischemia-related delayed death of neurons in CA1 area was investigated using light and electron microscopy. The conditions applied in this study induced the delayed pyramidal cell death associated with ultrastructural modifications in excitatory synapses on dendritic spines in the stratum radiatum of the CA1 hippocampal area.
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The morphological ischemia-evoked remodeling of synapses manifested in following: alteration in proportion of different types of synapses, a depletion of synaptic vesicles in presynaptic terminals and changes in their spatial arrangement; a rapid increase of the postsynaptic density (PSD) thickness and length, formation of concave synapses with perforated PSD during the first 24 h after ischemic episode, a pronounced increase of the glial coverage of both pre- and postsynaptic structures.
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[[File:Hippocamp.jpg|250px|thumb|3D reconstructions of spine synapses contacted by glia under ischemic conditions|left]] The obtained data indicates that ischemia induces remodeling of synapses in pyramidal cells of hippocampal CA1 area. The evident correlation between alterations of structural parameters of all three functional components of synapse structure (pre- and postsynaptic elements, glial processes) strongly support the concept of a “tripartite synapse” based on the notion that the astroglial processes enwrapping the synapse comprise a third functional component in addition to the presynaptic bouton and the postsynaptic terminal.  
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<div><ul>
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The relationship was found between ischemia induced structural changes in neurons and activity patterns of glial cells (astrocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia of microglia).
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<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Dept_cytol_01.jpeg|thumb|none|300px|Synapses with continuous (A) and perforated (B) postsynaptic densities (red lines) between host dendritic spines (ds, brown) and grafted GFP+/DAB+ presynaptic axon terminals (at, green) in the contralateral somatosensory cortex of stroke-injured rats. (Scale bar – 0.2 μm) [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000690117 Source] ]] </li>
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<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Dept_cytol_02.gif |thumb|none|300px|The GIF animation created using serial electron micrographs of the hippocampal CA1 area, illustrating the direct interaction of the pyramidal neuron and astrocyte by exocytosis/endocytosis (to see that animation, open full image) [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00725-5 Source] ]] </li>
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<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Dept_cytol_03.jpeg|thumb|none|300px|FGF-2-Overexpressing Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells (FGF-2-NPCs) made contact with blood vessels at sites with astrocyte coverage, but no pericytes  [https://doi.org/10.3727%2F096368916X690421 Source] ]] </li>
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<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Dept_cytol_04.jpeg|thumb|none|300px|Synapses in СА1 stratum radiatum in vivo
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Red arrow-simple, yellow-multiple, green-perforated [https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20211 Source] ]] </li>
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<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Dept_cytol_05.jpeg|thumb|none|300px|3D reconstructions of spine synapses contacted by glia under ischemic conditions [https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20551 Source] ]] </li>
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</ul></div>
  
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Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) of hippocampal cultured slices revealed that hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons are the most sensitive to oxygen-glucose deficit, while interneurons, astrocytes and microglia are more ischemia resistant and even get activated.  Study of the certain signaling pathways selective blocking reveals possible modulating effect of interneurons on viability of pyramidal neurons in hippocampus.
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==Research objects==
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The level of expression of subunits HIF-1α, HIF-3α, SERCA2b and PMCA1-2 in neurons of CA1 and СА3 area of hippocampus changes in response to OGD and anoxic preconditioning. The number of damaged cells in both areas of the hippocampus reduces with a stabilization of HIF-1.
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* Animals:  rats, mice, gerbils, pigs;
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Developing of the original image analyzing program allowed us to determine changes in spatial patterns formed by synaptic vesicles in the CA1 synapses. It was shown that distances between individual vesicles increased while the organelles became more distant from the presynaptic membrane. It was found that during early after an ischemic damage the ratio of synaptic terminal types changed, the frequency of perforated and multiple synapses being increased. These changes may indicate ischemia-related synaptic plasticity.
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* Cell cultures: organotypic cultures of the hippocampus, dissociated cultures of CNS neurons, enteric neuron cultures.
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While researching the protective approaches against brain ischemia there was obtained the data indicating the neuroprotective properties of aromatic aminoacids, FGL - NCAM peptide mimetic, bioflavonoids, particularly korvitin, that enabled to recommend these compounds for pharmacological applications.
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Study of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in pigs discovered the dependence of  morphological and functional state of hippocampal neurons on pancreas exocrine functioning. Exogenous pancreatic-like enzymes are recovered in the gut and improve growth of exocrine pancreatic insufficient pigs.
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[[File:Stemcell.jpg|300px|thumb|Transplanted stem cells synaptically integrate into host circuitry after ischemia]] Regenerative capacity of different lines of stem cells is studied using in vivo and in vitro models of cerebral ischemia. In both models it was displayed that hippocampus-derived NPCs transplanted into the ischemic brain are able to survive for long terms after grafting, differentiate into functional mature neurons, become synaptically integrated into host circuitry. Syngeneic NPC transplantation promoted cognitive function recovery after ischemic injury in vivo.
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==Research methods==
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We have studied changes in proteasome proteolysis during transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats and  
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* modelling of neurodegenerative states in vivo (cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s disease, neuroinflammation, perinatal pathology of CNS, metabolic syndrome, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) and in vitro (cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease, stress);
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made the comparison between changes in different types of proteasome activity and severity of ischemic injury and showed three types of decrease in proteolytic activity (trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, peptidyl-glutamyl peptide-hydrolyzing-like) in the brain tissues. These data suggest that ischemia may cause a severe alteration in proteasome stability and proteasome structure.
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* light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy;
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Research resources of the Department are widely used for scientific practical training of students from Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology” of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy and Kiev Branch of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
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* immunohistochemistry;
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* behavioral tests (open field, balance beam walking, Morris water maze, T- maze)
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* immunoblotting;
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* morphometry: computerized image analysis, quantitative ultrastructural analysis.
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==Collaboration==
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* Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
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* Food for Health Science Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
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* Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
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* Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine.
  
 
== Team ==
 
== Team ==
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=== Stuff ===
 
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# Skibo G.G. - Head of Department, MD, Prof.  tel.+380 44 253-21-58, te.l./fax+380 44 256-24-42
 
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# Kovalenko T.M. – PhD, Leading Researcher    tel. + 380 44  256-24-43
 
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# Nikonenko O.G. – PhD, Leading Researcher    tel. + 380 44 256-25-70 
 
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# Tsupykov O.M – PhD, Leading Researcher      tel. + 380 44 256-25-80
 
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# Lushnikova I.V. – PhD, Senior Researcher      tel. + 380 44 256 20 26
 
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# Osadchenko I.O. – PhD, Senior Researcher      tel. + 380 44 256-24-43
 
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# Patseva М.А. – PhD, Researcher  tel. + 380 44 256 24 58
 
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# Nikandrova E.O. – Junior Researcher tel. + 380 44  256-20 26
 
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# Savchuk O.I. – Junior Researcher        tel. + 380 44  256-25-80
 
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# Smozhanyk K.G. – Leading Engineer  tel. + 380 44  256 24 45
 
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# Mayorenko P.P. – Leading Engineer
 
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# Melnychuk L.P. - Laboratory assistant
 
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# Maleyeva G.
 
  
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== Research activities ==
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# Galyna Skibo – Prof., DSc, corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine, head of Department,   skibo@biph.kiev.ua
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=== Main areas of research ===
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# Oleksandr Nikonenko – DSc, leading researcher,  agn@biph.kiev.ua
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* viability and resistance of hippocampal neurons and glial cells under modeling of neuropathologies (cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease, stress); approaches for neuroprotection
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# Oleh Tsupykov – DSc, leading researcher,  tsupykov@gmail.com
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* pathophysiological mechanisms of perinatal pathology of CNS and approaches for it therapeutic modulation;
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# Iryna Lushnikova – DSc, leading researcher,  li@biph.kiev.ua
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* cell mechanisms of early neurodegeneration in rotenone-induced model of Parkinson’s disease;
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# Tetiana Kovalenko – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher, tnk@biph.kiev.ua
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* structural and functional peculiarities of the brain related to the gastrointestinal tract functioning;
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# Iryna Osadchenko – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher,  osad@biph.kiev.ua
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* stem cell regenerative capacities for treatment of experimentally provoked brain neurodegeneration (ischemia, perinatal pathology of CNS).
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# Olena Mankivska – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher  emankovskaya@biph.kiev.ua
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# Kateryna Yatsenko – DSc, senior researcher,  kateryna.yatsenko@gmail.com
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# Maryna Patseva – Candidate of sciences (PhD), researcher,  pma@biph.kiev.ua
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# Olena Savchuk – Candidate of sciences (PhD), junior researcher,  floweringbowl@ukr.net
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# Kateryna Smozhanyk – technician.
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# Petro Maiorenko – technician.
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# Liudmyla Melnychuk - laboratory assistant.
  
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=== Research objects ===
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===PhD students===
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* Animals (rats, mice, gerbils, pigs);
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* Cell cultures (organtypic and dissociated).
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=== Research methods ===
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# Nataliia Chaika -  nataliia_chaika@ukr.net
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* modelling of neurodegeneration in vivo (cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s disease, perinatal pathology of CNS, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) and in vitro (cerebral ischemia, Alcheimer’s disease, stress);
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# Olha Kostiuchenko -  kostiuchenko.olha@biph.kiev.ua
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* microscopy: light, confocal, electron;
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# Nadiia Kravchenko -  kravchenko.nadiia@biph.kiev.ua
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* immunohystochemical methods;
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# Dmytro Shepilov -  shepilov@biph.kiev.ua
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* single-cell RT-PCR;
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* immunoblotting;
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== Recent publications ==
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* quantitative ultarstructural analysis;
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* computerized image analysis;
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* Shepilov D, Kovalenko T, Osadchenko I, Smozhanyk K, Marungruang N, Ushakova G, Muraviova D, Hållenius F, Prykhodko O, Skibo G. [https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.565051 Varying Dietary Component Ratios and Lingonberry Supplementation May Affect the Hippocampal Structure of ApoE-/- Mice.] Front Nutr. 2022 Feb 16;9:565051. doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.565051
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* morphometry.
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* Mankivska, O.P., Chaika, N.V. & Skibo, G.G. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11062-022-09918-8 Effects of Citicoline on Structural/Functional Consequences of Focal Ischemia of the Rat Brain]. Neurophysiology. 2022; 53, 78–87. doi.org/10.1007/s11062-022-09918-8
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* Govbakh I, Kyryk V, Ustymenko A, Rubtsov V, Tsupykov O, Bulgakova NV, Zavodovskiy DO, Sokolowska I, Maznychenko A. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112026 Stem Cell Therapy Enhances Motor Activity of Triceps Surae Muscle in Mice with Hereditary Peripheral Neuropathy]. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 6;22(21):12026. doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112026
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* Balatskyi VV, Vaskivskyi VO, Myronova A, Avramets D, Nahia KA, Macewicz LL, Ruban TP, Kucherenko DY, Soldatkin OO, Lushnikova IV, Skibo GG, Winata CL, Dobrzyn P, Piven OO. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2021.07.005 Сardiac-specific β-catenin deletion dysregulates energetic metabolism and mitochondrial function in perinatal cardiomyocytes]. Mitochondrion. 2021 Sep;60:59-69. doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2021.07.005
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* Götz TWB, Puchkov D, Lysiuk V, Lützkendorf J, Nikonenko AG, Quentin C, Lehmann M, Sigrist SJ, Petzoldt AG. [https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202006040 Rab2 regulates presynaptic precursor vesicle biogenesis at the trans-Golgi]. J Cell Biol. 2021 May 3;220(5):e202006040.  doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202006040 
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* Lushnikova I, Nikandrova Y, Skibo G. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00725-5 Mitochondrial Events Determine the Status of Hippocampal Cells in the Post-Ischemic Period]. Neurosci Bull. 2021 Aug;37(8):1246-1250. doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00725-5 
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* Bozhok YM, Golovko O, Nikonenko AG. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105562 nPAsym: an open-source plugin for ImageJ to quantify nuclear shape asymmetry]. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2020;196:105562. doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105562
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* Marungruang N, Kovalenko T, Osadchenko I, Voss U, Huang F, Burleigh S, Ushakova G, Skibo G, Nyman M, Prykhodko O, Hållenius FF. [https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415x.2018.1536423 Lingonberries and their two separated fractions differently alter the gut microbiota, improve metabolic functions, reduce gut inflammatory properties, and improve brain function in ApoE-/- mice fed high-fat diet]. Nutr Neurosci. 2020;23(8):600-612. doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2018.1536423 
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* Yatsenko K, Lushnikova I, Ustymenko A, Patseva M, Govbakh I, Kyryk V, Tsupykov O. [https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10030066 Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Reduce Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Myelin Degradation and Neuroinflammatory Responses of Glial Cells in Mice]. J Pers Med. 2020;10(3):66 doi.org/10.3390/jpm10030066
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* Maznychenko AV, Bulgakova NV, Sokolowska IV, Butowska K, Borowik A, Mankivska OP, Piosik J, Tomiak T, Gonchar OO, Maisky VO, Kostyukov AI. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67034-1 Fatigue-induced Fos immunoreactivity within the lumbar cord and amygdala decreases after С60 fullerene pretreatment]. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):9826. (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67034-1
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* Grønning Hansen M, Laterza C, Palma-Tortosa S, Kvist G, Monni E, Tsupykov O, Tornero D, Uoshima N, Soriano J, Bengzon J, Martino G, Skibo G, Lindvall O, Kokaia Z. [https://doi.org/10.1002/sctm.20-0134 Grafted human pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons integrate into adult human cortical neural circuitry]. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2020;9(11):1365-1377. doi.org/10.1002/sctm.20-0134 
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* Palma-Tortosa S, Tornero D, Grønning Hansen M, Monni E, Hajy M, Kartsivadze S, Aktay S, Tsupykov O, Parmar M, Deisseroth K, Skibo G, Lindvall O, Kokaia Z. [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000690117 Activity in grafted human iPS cell-derived cortical neurons integrated in stroke-injured rat brain regulates motor behavior]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020;117(16):9094-9100. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000690117 
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* Kanemitsu M, Tsupykov O, Potter G, Boitard M, Salmon P, Zgraggen E, Gascon E, Skibo G, Dayer AG, Kiss JZ. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.009 EMMPRIN overexpression in SVZ neural progenitor cells increases their migration towards ischemic cortex]. Exp Neurol. 2017 Nov;297:14-24. doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.009 
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* Zoltowska KM, Maesako M, Lushnikova I, Takeda S, Keller LJ, Skibo G, Hyman BT, Berezovska O. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-017-0159-y Dynamic presenilin 1 and synaptotagmin 1 interaction modulates exocytosis and amyloid β production]. Mol Neurodegener. 2017 Feb 13;12(1):15 dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13024-017-0159-y
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* Tornero D, Tsupykov O, Granmo M, Rodriguez C, Grønning-Hansen M, Thelin J, Smozhanik E, Laterza C, Wattananit S, Ge R, Tatarishvili J, Grealish S, Brüstle O, Skibo G, Parmar M, Schouenborg J, Lindvall O, Kokaia Z. [https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww347 Synaptic inputs from stroke-injured brain to grafted human stem cell-derived neurons activated by sensory stimuli]. Brain. 2017 Mar 1;140(3):692-706. /doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww347 
  
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== List of laboratories with which there is scientific cooperation ==
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* Gerth F, Pechstein A, Kochlamazashvili G, Jäpel M, Lehmann M, Puchkov D, Onofri F, Benfenati F, Nikonenko AG, Maritzen T, Freund Ch, Haucke V. [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715341114 Intersectin associates with synapsin and regulates its nanoscale localization and function]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Nov 7;114(45):12057-12062. dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1715341114 
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* Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Sweden;
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* Laboratory of Neural Stem Cell Biology&Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Sweden;
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* Institute of brain dynamics National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Marseille, France;
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== Scientific advances. Selected publications for years 2013-2017 ==
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* Kopach O, Maistrenko A, Lushnikova I, Belan P, Skibo G, Voitenko N. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2016.02.014 HIF-1α-mediated upregulation of SERCA2b: The endogenous mechanism for alleviating the ischemia-induced intracellular Ca(2+) store dysfunction in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal neurons]. Cell Calcium. 2016. May;59(5):251-61. doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2016.02.014   
  
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#Kanemitsu M, Tsupykov O, Potter G, Boitard M, Salmon P, Zgraggen E, Gascon E, Skibo G, Dayer AG, Kiss JZ. EMMPRIN overexpression in SVZ neural progenitor cells increases their migration towards ischemic cortex Exp Neurol. 2017 Nov;297:14-24.  (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001448861730184X?via%3Dihub, IF 4,7)
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* Tsupykov O, Kanemitsu M, Smozhanik E, Skibo G, Dayer AG, Kiss JZ. [https://doi.org/10.3727/096368916x690421 Relationship of Grafted FGF-2-Overexpressing Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells With the Vasculature in the Cerebral Cortex]. Cell Transplant. 2016;25(7):1359-69. doi.org/10.3727%2F096368916X690421
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#Zoltowska KM, Maesako M, Lushnikova I, Takeda S, Keller LJ, Skibo G, Hyman BT, Berezovska O. Dynamic presenilin 1 and synaptotagmin 1 interaction modulates exocytosis and amyloid β production. Mol Neurodegener. 2017 Feb 13;12(1):15. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5307796/, IF 6,78)
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#Tornero D, Tsupykov O, Granmo M, Rodriguez C, Grønning-Hansen M, Thelin J, Smozhanik E, Laterza C, Wattananit S, Ge R, Tatarishvili J, Grealish S, Brüstle O, Skibo G, Parmar M, Schouenborg J, Lindvall O, Kokaia Z. Synaptic inputs from stroke-injured brain to grafted human stem cell-derived neurons activated by sensory stimuli. Brain. 2017 Mar 1;140(3):692-706. (https://academic.oup.com/brain/article-abstract/140/3/692/2936871?redirectedFrom=fulltext, IF 10,29)
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#Gerth F, Pechstein A, Kochlamazashvili G, Jäpel M, Lehmann M, Puchkov D, Onofri F, Benfenati F, Nikonenko AG, Maritzen T, Freund Ch, Haucke V. Intersectin associates with synapsin and regulates its nanoscale localization and function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Nov 7;114(45):12057-12062. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5692602/, IF 9,7)
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#Kopach O, Maistrenko A, Lushnikova I, Belan P, Skibo G, Voitenko N. HIF-1α-mediated upregulation of SERCA2b: The endogenous mechanism for alleviating the ischemia-induced intracellular Ca(2+) store dysfunction in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal neurons. Cell Calcium. 2016 May;59(5):251-61. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143416016300173?via%3Dihub, IF 3,43)
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#Tsupykov O, Kanemitsu M, Smozhanik E, Skibo G, Dayer AG, Kiss JZ. Relationship of Grafted FGF-2-Overexpressing Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells With the Vasculature in the Cerebral Cortex. Cell Transplant. 2016;25(7):1359-69. (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3727/096368916X690421?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3Dpubmed&, IF 3,43)
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#Nikonenko I, Nikonenko A, Mendez P, Michurina TV, Enikolopov G, Muller D. Nitric oxide mediates local activity-dependent excitatory synapse development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013,  110(44):E4142-4151. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3816470/, 9,74)
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Версія за 14:05, 22 червня 2022

Prof. Galyna Skibo
Department of Cytology has been established in 1996 based on the Laboratory of Neurocytology. Its organizer and the only chair until nowadays is [G.G.Skibo|Prof. Galyna Skibo], the corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine, laureate of State Prize of Ukraine in sciences and engineering, Bogomoletz and Kostiuk Prizes of NAS of Ukraine.

Зміст

Our research

The research activity of the Department of Cytology is focused on the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in different parts of the nervous system and the search for neuroprotective approaches. The current research topics of the Department are:

  • genetically determined molecular mechanisms of intercellular and intracellular signaling in norm and pathology in vitro (brain ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease)
  • molecular and cellular mechanisms of endogenous neuroprotection in the models of neurodegenerative diseases in vivo and in vitro (brain ischemia)
  • regenerative properties of different origin stem cells and peculiarities of their application at experimentally induced neurodegenerative pathologies in vivo (brain ischemia, perinatal CNS pathology, neuroinflammation)
  • development of biosafety criteria for stem cell cultivation
  • cell mechanisms driving brain tissue degeneration in the rotenone model of Parkinson's disease
  • dependence of structural and functional features of the brain on the function of the gastrointestinal tract (metabolic syndrome, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) in vivo and in vitro
  • effect of substances with antioxidant properties on the nervous tissue recovery of experimental animals during the brain ischemia-reperfusion


  • Synapses with continuous (A) and perforated (B) postsynaptic densities (red lines) between host dendritic spines (ds, brown) and grafted GFP+/DAB+ presynaptic axon terminals (at, green) in the contralateral somatosensory cortex of stroke-injured rats. (Scale bar – 0.2 μm) Source
  • The GIF animation created using serial electron micrographs of the hippocampal CA1 area, illustrating the direct interaction of the pyramidal neuron and astrocyte by exocytosis/endocytosis (to see that animation, open full image) Source
  • FGF-2-Overexpressing Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells (FGF-2-NPCs) made contact with blood vessels at sites with astrocyte coverage, but no pericytes Source
  • Synapses in СА1 stratum radiatum in vivo Red arrow-simple, yellow-multiple, green-perforated Source
  • 3D reconstructions of spine synapses contacted by glia under ischemic conditions Source

Research objects

  • Animals: rats, mice, gerbils, pigs;
  • Cell cultures: organotypic cultures of the hippocampus, dissociated cultures of CNS neurons, enteric neuron cultures.

Research methods

  • modelling of neurodegenerative states in vivo (cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s disease, neuroinflammation, perinatal pathology of CNS, metabolic syndrome, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) and in vitro (cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease, stress);
  • light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy;
  • immunohistochemistry;
  • behavioral tests (open field, balance beam walking, Morris water maze, T- maze)
  • immunoblotting;
  • morphometry: computerized image analysis, quantitative ultrastructural analysis.

Collaboration

  • Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
  • Food for Health Science Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
  • Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
  • Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine.

Team

  1. Galyna Skibo – Prof., DSc, corresponding member of NAS of Ukraine, head of Department, skibo@biph.kiev.ua
  2. Oleksandr Nikonenko – DSc, leading researcher, agn@biph.kiev.ua
  3. Oleh Tsupykov – DSc, leading researcher, tsupykov@gmail.com
  4. Iryna Lushnikova – DSc, leading researcher, li@biph.kiev.ua
  5. Tetiana Kovalenko – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher, tnk@biph.kiev.ua
  6. Iryna Osadchenko – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher, osad@biph.kiev.ua
  7. Olena Mankivska – Candidate of sciences (PhD), senior researcher emankovskaya@biph.kiev.ua
  8. Kateryna Yatsenko – DSc, senior researcher, kateryna.yatsenko@gmail.com
  9. Maryna Patseva – Candidate of sciences (PhD), researcher, pma@biph.kiev.ua
  10. Olena Savchuk – Candidate of sciences (PhD), junior researcher, floweringbowl@ukr.net
  11. Kateryna Smozhanyk – technician.
  12. Petro Maiorenko – technician.
  13. Liudmyla Melnychuk - laboratory assistant.

PhD students

  1. Nataliia Chaika - nataliia_chaika@ukr.net
  2. Olha Kostiuchenko - kostiuchenko.olha@biph.kiev.ua
  3. Nadiia Kravchenko - kravchenko.nadiia@biph.kiev.ua
  4. Dmytro Shepilov - shepilov@biph.kiev.ua

Recent publications

Отримано з http://biph.kiev.ua/uk?title=Department_of_Cytology&oldid=14928
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